Ratchet-drill



(No Model.

P;'A. WHITNEY;

' EATOHET DRILL.

No. 297,210. Patented Apr. 22, 1884.

in j

W1 NESSES INVENTOR g M 0% or detent from either direction.

NITE STATES ATENT rrrcn.

.PARDON A. \VHITNEY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

RATCH ET-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 297,210, dated April 22, 1884.

Application filed June 22, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, PARDON A. WHITNEY, of Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in RatchetDrills; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in ratchet-drills; and it consists in certain features of construction and in combination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of my improved ratchet-drill. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line of m m, Fig. 2. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail drawings of parts of the device.

A represents the casing; B, the handle, preferably screwed into the casing, and of any desired length.

0 is ashaft extending through the handle andsquared at the outer end to receive a handled crank. The other end is journaled in the casing, and has next to the bearing the worm c, and farther along the shaft the ratchet wheel 0. The two sides of the teeth on this ratchet wheel are alike, and adapted to engage a pawl The end of the ratchet c butting againstthe inner end of the handle, and the end of the worm butting against the casing, prevent all end-play of the shaft 0. The worm c has a coarse, and, preferably, a quadruple, thread, in order that the pitch of the thread may be so quick that the worm may be easily revolved by turning the engaging worm-gear D. This worm-gear D is preferably integral with the spur-gear D and the drill-socket d. A thimble, d, is added to the socket to give additional strength and a better finish to this part of the device. The thimble preferably extends through the head (1 to receive the wear at this point, as

hold the detent in the position shown.

tends also nearly through the cap F. This cap and screw, broken in the drawings, are usually six or seven inches long, according to the size of the tool; and the cap at the outer end is provided with the pointf. The part E has rigidly attached the spur-gear e, engaging the gear G, attached to the shaft 9, that is driven by the gear G, that in turn is actuated by the engaging-gear D.

H is a spring-detent with a single tooth, h, at the inner end, that is sloping" on one side and adapted to engage the ratchet-wheel in one direction, and to slide over the ratchet without engagement in the opposite direction. Toward the outer end of the part H is a small cross-pin, h, that may rest on the casing and If, however, the detent is turned at a right angle to the position shown, the pin h can drop into the grooves k, (shown in Fig. 3,) and this will allow the deteut to engage the said ratchet c in one direction; and it will be seen thatif the detent is drawn back and turned half around the pin h will still drop into the said grooves k and the detent will engage the ratchet in the opposite direction.

The operation of my device is as follows: A drill held by the socketd is set in position for drilling, the point f is secured, and the han dle operated, all in the manner of common ratchet-drills. WVhen the handle is thrust back, the worm-gear D, by means of the engagement of the drill with the work, does not turn, but in place thereof the worm c, by means of its quick thread, revolves and the springdetent slides over the ratchet 0 without engagement. When, however, the handle is drawn forward, the detent engages the ratchet c and holds it, together with the attached shaft 0 and worm c, from turning. As the said worm cannot turn backward, but is held firm, of course the worm-gear D is turned forward with the mothem removed and the drill fed in the usual manner by unscrewing the socket F, which of course presses the point f against its support and holds the drill to its work. WVhen the cap F approaches as near the end of the screw as is practicable, the drill may still be fed some distance farther by unscrewing the screw in the part E. If the cap F was kept from re volving, and the part E was made fast to the drill-socket, the screw F would be turned out one thread by every revolution of the drill. This, unless the threads on F were too fine for durability, would feed the drill too fast, Now, if the part E is allowed to revolve in its seat onthe socket cl, as was intended, and the gears G and G are placed in position, as shown in Fig. 2, it will be seen that as the gear D is less in diameter than the gear G, and the gear G is smaller than the gear 6. the part E will re volve more slowly than the drill, and the screw F will have only been turned out a part of a thread during one revolution of the drill. A thread may therefore be used at F of sufficient' pitch to make it durable, and the required feed had by means of the relative sizes of the gears employed.

When necessary, the screw F may be removed and the screw J inserted in its place in the part E. This may be used in places where there is not room for the longer parts F and F.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. In a ratchet-drill, the combination, with a suitable casing and handle, of a drill-socket, a'worm-wheel rigidly secured thereto, a revolving shaft, and a worm secured to the shaft, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a suitable casing and handle, of a shaft passing longitudinally through the handle, and provided with a worm,

a casing and handle, and a shaft journaled' within the casing and provided with a worm, of a gear meshing with the worm, a drill chuck or socket rigidly secured to the wormgear, and a pawl and ratchet for holding the shaft against movement in one direction, substantial] y as set forth.

4. In a ratchet-drill, the combination, with the casing, handle, shaft, the latter being pro vided with a worm and ratchet-wheel, a wormgear, and drill chuck or socket, of a springactuated detent adapted to be turned so as to engage the ratchet-wheel on either side of the shaft, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the handle and. easing, of the shaft provided with a worm, a worm-wheel meshing with the worm, a drill socket rigidly secured to the worm-wheel, the

pinion D, the part E, the pinions G and G, and the screw F, all of the above parts combined and adapted to operate as described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of two witnesses, this 15th day of June, 1883.

PARDON A. IVHITNEY. Vitnesses:

ALBERT E. LYNcH, CHAS. H. DORER. 

